Rhytidoponera metallica - Green-head ants
 
A common, iridescent species native to Australia and highly abundant on the east coast of Australia. Rhytidoponera metallica is fond of elaiosomes and has a significant role in dispersal of seeds. This species of ants are prolific in both native and urban habitats, being abundant across a wide range of situations. This species is known to be a large contribution to seed dispersal (Myrmecochory) in its native region.
 
Although this species has a defined queen caste, in mature colonies, they have been found with several gamergates (fertilised workers) along with the founding queen.
 
Large green-head ant colonies exhibit age caste polyethism, where the younger workers act as nurses and tend to the brood and the older workers go out and forage. In smaller colonies, age caste polyethism does not occur, with nursing and foraging initiated by both younger and older workers.
 
Due to the construction of their hooks (end of the leg), they are unable to climb smoother surfaces in most instances. They also prefer to use substrate to aid the formation of their cocoons. Additional substrate on the base of the test tube or nest is advised.
 
The venom in their sting is powerful enough to be known to cause anaphylactic shock in rare cases.
 
Colony Size
Up to 450 workers
Queen age
Unknown
Queens may be replaced by gamergates
Temperature
24- 28°
Hibernation
No but have been known to slow down growth in Australian winter.
Polymorphic (Different size casts)
No
Sting
Yes, powerful and in rare cases has caused anaphylactic shock
Diet
Pre-killed insects, sugars, seeds
Nest type
Acrylic (with sand), sand, earth, ytong, plaster and glass (with sand)
Size
Queen - 8mm
Worker - 4-6 mm